{"id":7832,"date":"2011-07-21T16:39:30","date_gmt":"2011-07-21T14:39:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.artera.net\/it\/blog\/?p=7832"},"modified":"2023-02-27T14:48:25","modified_gmt":"2023-02-27T14:48:25","slug":"utilizzare-spring-nelle-web-application-parte-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.artera.net\/it\/sviluppo\/utilizzare-spring-nelle-web-application-parte-14\/","title":{"rendered":"Utilizzare Spring nelle web application &#8211; parte 14"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-6341\" title=\"Logo Java Spring\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artera.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/Logo_Spring_252x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"177\" height=\"100\" style=\"margin-right:10px;\"\/>Nello <a title=\"Utilizzare Spring nelle web application - parte 10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.artera.net\/it\/blog\/programmazione\/utilizzare-spring-nelle-web-application-parte-10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scorso articolo<\/a> abbiamo introdotto l&#8217;utilizzo della classe <em>SqlUpdate<\/em> di Spring, creando due sotto-classi specializzate nelle operazioni di INSERT e UPDATE:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>it.artera.springtut.dao.SqlInsertInsertion<\/em> per l&#8217;operazione di INSERT;<\/li>\n<li><em>it.artera.springtut.dao.SqlUpdateInsertion<\/em> per l&#8217;operazione di UPDATE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Modifiche a InsertionDao<\/h3>\n<p>Dobbiamo ora realizzare il codice che ci permette di salvare il nostro oggetto <em>Insertion<\/em>, che per comodit\u00e0 sar\u00e0 in un unico metodo <em>saveOrUpdate()<\/em>, il cui funzionamento sar\u00e0 il seguente:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>se <em>insertion.id<\/em> \u00e8 nullo, esegui una INSERT;<\/li>\n<li>altrimenti esegui una UPDATE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ed ecco il metodo in questione:<\/p>\n<p>[java]public Insertion saveOrUpdate(Insertion insertion) {<br \/>\n    if (insertion.getId() == null) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ insert<br \/>\n        sqlInsertInsertion.execute(insertion);<br \/>\n    } else {<br \/>\n        \/\/ update<br \/>\n        sqlUpdateInsertion.execute(insertion);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    return insertion;<br \/>\n}[\/java]<\/p>\n<p>Come si pu\u00f2 notare il codice \u00e8 decisamente&#8230; sintetico! Quando nello scorso articolo abbiamo accennato al fatto che realizzare delle sotto-classi ci permette di isolare la complessit\u00e0, ci riferivamo proprio a questo: l&#8217;SQL, la configurazione dei parametri e l&#8217;esecuzione della query sono racchiusi all&#8217;interno delle classi <em>SqlInsertInsertion<\/em> e <em>SqlUpdateInsertion<\/em>, mentre InsertionDao si limita a invocarne il metodo <em>execute()<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Test JUnit e transazioni<\/h3>\n<p>Come d&#8217;abitudine, tutti i metodi delle nostre classi (in special modo quelli che &#8220;fanno qualcosa&#8221;) vanno verificati con un test JUnit, ovviamente <em>saveOrUpdate()<\/em> non fa eccezione. A questo punto per\u00f2 dobbiamo introdurre una modifica nelle nostre utility di test, ovvero faremo in modo che<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ogni test<\/strong> venga eseguito <strong>in transazione<\/strong> separata;<\/li>\n<li>alla fine di ogni test venga fatto un <strong>rollback<\/strong>, in modo che eventuali dati modificati dal test siano ripristinati.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Per fare ci\u00f2 \u00e8 sufficiente modificare la classe <em>it.artera.springtut.AbstractTest<\/em> in modo che non estenda pi\u00f9 <em>AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests<\/em> ma <em>AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests<\/em>, che offre le stesse funzionalit\u00e0 ma in pi\u00f9 \u00e8 transazionale (come il nome suggerisce):<\/p>\n<p>[java]package it.artera.springtut;<\/p>\n<p>import javax.sql.DataSource;<\/p>\n<p>import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;<br \/>\nimport org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;<br \/>\nimport org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;<\/p>\n<p>@ContextConfiguration(locations = &quot;classpath:applicationContext.xml&quot;)<br \/>\npublic abstract class AbstractTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {<br \/>\n}[\/java]<\/p>\n<p>Realizziamo ora il codice di test per lo use case di INSERT:<\/p>\n<p>[java]@Test<br \/>\npublic void test_saveOrUpdate_insert() {<br \/>\n    Insertion i;<\/p>\n<p>    try {<br \/>\n        \/\/ dati incompleti<br \/>\n        i = new Insertion();<br \/>\n        insertionDao.saveOrUpdate(i);<br \/>\n        fail(&quot;should throw exception&quot;);<br \/>\n    } catch (DataAccessException dae) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ OK<br \/>\n    } catch (Exception ex) {<br \/>\n        fail(&quot;should throw DataAccessException&quot;);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    i = new Insertion();<br \/>\n    i.setTitle(&quot;bla bla bla&quot;);<br \/>\n    i.setPrice(new BigDecimal(&quot;100.00&quot;));<br \/>\n    i.setCreationDate(new Date());<br \/>\n    insertionDao.saveOrUpdate(i);<br \/>\n    assertNotNull(i.getId());<br \/>\n}[\/java]<\/p>\n<p>Per essere sicuri che funzioni tutto come previsto abbiamo anche verificato che, in caso di dati incompleti, venga lanciata un&#8217;eccezione di tipo <em>org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException<\/em>. Spring &#8220;magicamente&#8221; cattura le eccezioni SQL e le traduce in una appropriata sotto classe di <em>org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException<\/em>, questo perch\u00e9 abbiamo annotato <em>InsertionDao<\/em> con l&#8217;annotazione <em>@Repository<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ecco invece il codice per l&#8217;UPDATE:<\/p>\n<p>[java]@Test<br \/>\npublic void test_saveOrUpdate_update() {<br \/>\n    Insertion i = insertionDao.getInsertion(1L);<br \/>\n    assertEquals(&quot;Chitarra acustica&quot;, i.getTitle());<br \/>\n    assertEquals(new BigDecimal(&quot;50.00&quot;), i.getPrice());<br \/>\n    i.setTitle(&quot;bla bla bla&quot;);<br \/>\n    i.setPrice(new BigDecimal(&quot;100.00&quot;));<br \/>\n    insertionDao.saveOrUpdate(i);<\/p>\n<p>    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = getJdbcTemplate();<br \/>\n    Map&lt;String, Object&gt; result = simpleJdbcTemplate.queryForMap(<br \/>\n        &quot;select i.title, i.price from insertions i where id = 1&quot;);<br \/>\n    assertEquals(&quot;bla bla bla&quot;, result.get(&quot;title&quot;));<br \/>\n    assertEquals(new BigDecimal(&quot;100.00&quot;), result.get(&quot;price&quot;));<br \/>\n}[\/java]<\/p>\n<p>In questo caso verifichiamo che le modifiche apportate siano avvenute con successo, eseguendo il metodo <em>InsertionDao.saveOrUpdate()<\/em> e verificando con una query SQL l&#8217;avvenuto aggiornamento. La query SQL viene fatta utilizzando <em>simpleJdbcTemplate<\/em>, un&#8217;istanza di <em>org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcTemplate<\/em> fornita dalla classe base <em>AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Esecuzione dei test<\/h3>\n<p>Con il comando<\/p>\n<p>[java]mvn test -Dtest=InsertionDaoTest[\/java]<\/p>\n<p>Maven eseguir\u00e0 tutti i test di <em>InsertionDaoTest<\/em>, ma le modifiche sul database non saranno visibili perch\u00e9 dopo ogni test, andato a buon fine o no, la transazione andr\u00e0 in rollback. In caso contrario dovremmo re-inserire tutti i dati prima di ogni test, sarebbe decisamente scomodo oltre che una perdita di tempo!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Progetto completo<\/h3>\n<p>Questa serie di articoli per il momento termina qui. Abbiamo percorso molta strada: siamo partiti da un&#8217;idea, abbiamo immaginato la nostra applicazione, l&#8217;abbiamo realizzata. \u00c8 arrivato il momento di sperimentare, per facilitarvi abbiamo pensato di allegare il progetto completo cos\u00ec com&#8217;\u00e8 allo stato attuale, in modo da non dover ricreare passo per passo tutto quanto.<\/p>\n<p>spring_3_tutorial_20110713.zip<\/p>\n<h3>Linkografia<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>JDBC Technology &#8211; official documentation (Oracle &#8211; ex Sun);<\/li>\n<li>Data Access Objects &#8211; DAO (Wikipedia);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-6341\" title=\"Logo Java Spring\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artera.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/Logo_Spring_252x150.png\" alt=\"\" height=\"80\" style=\"margin-right:10px;\"\/>Eccoci arrivati all&#8217;<strong>ultima puntata<\/strong> della nostra applicazione &#8220;Mercatino Spring&#8221;. Dopo 14 articoli finalmente concludiamo, per ora, il viaggio in questo <strong>framework Java<\/strong>. Abbiamo percorso molta strada: siamo partiti da un\u2019idea, abbiamo immaginato la nostra applicazione, l\u2019abbiamo realizzata. \u00c8 arrivato il momento di sperimentare. Al termine dell&#8217;articolo potrete scaricare il progetto completo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[225,172,199,215,188,200,226],"class_list":["post-7832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sviluppo","tag-dao","tag-java","tag-junit","tag-spring","tag-sql","tag-test","tag-transaction"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u2022 Utilizzare Spring nelle web application - parte 14 - Artera<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leggi dal blog: Utilizzare Spring nelle web application - parte 14. Contattaci per una partnership! 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